Turbidite Facies
Shanmugam, G., 1980, Rhythms in deep sea, fine‑grained turbidite and debris‑flow sequences, Middle Ordovician, eastern
Stow, D. A. V., and Shanmugam, G., 1980, Sequence of structures in fine‑grained turbidites: Comparison of recent deep‑sea and ancient flysch sediments: Sedimentary Geology, v. 25, p. 23‑42.
Shanmugam, G., 1990, Deep-marine facies models and the interrelationship of depositional components in time and space, in Brown, G.C., Gorsline, D.S., and Schweller, W.J., eds. Applied Deep-Marine Sedimentation: SEPM Short Course No. 66, San Francisco, p. 199-246.
Shanmugam, G., 1996, High-density turbidity currents: Are they sandy debris flows? Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 66, p. 2–10.
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Shanmugam, G., 1997. The Bouma Sequence and
the turbidite mind set. Earth-Science Reviews, v. 42, p. 201–229.
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Shanmugam, G., 2000, John E. Sanders and the turbidite controversy.
In: Conference on the History of Geologic
Pioneers (Ed. G. M. Friedman), Rensselaer Center of Applied Geology, Troy,
New York, p. 19–20.
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Shanmugam, G., 2000, 50 years of the turbidite
paradigm (1950s–1990s): Deep-water processes
and facies models—A critical perspective: Marine
and Petroleum Geology, v. 17, p. 285–342.
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Shanmugam, G., 2002. Ten turbidite myths: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 58, p. 311–341.
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Submarine Fans
The late W.R. Normark (U.S.G.S) and Professor Emiliano Mutti have made pioneering contributions in understanding modern and ancient submarine fans, respectively. The following photo was taken during a field trip associated with the NATO Advanced Study Institute Conference on "Reading Provenance from Arenites" held in Calabria (1984), Italy.
The following photo of G. Shanmugam (left) and Professor Garrett
Briggs (University of Tennessee,
Knoxville), who introduced Shanmugam to
the classic flysch sequences of the
Ouachita Mountains, was taken during a field trip to the Ouachitas in the
summer of 1975.
G. Shanmugam and R.J. Moiola co-authored many papers on submarine fans in the 1980s and 1990s. The photo below of Shanmugam (left) and Moiola was taken by Professor Emiliano Mutti in March 1981 near Tremp, Spain.
Shanmugam, G., and R. J. Moiola, 1995, Reinterpretation of depositional processes in a classic flysch sequence in the Pennsylvanian Jackfork Group, Ouachita Mountains: AAPG Bulletin, v. 79, p. 672-695.
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Note: The above paper resulted in the following five
discussions and a reply in the AAPG Bulletin. No other single paper has
generated this much controversy occupying 42 printed pages in the AAPG
Bulletin.
Slatt, R.M., Weimer, P., Stone, C.G., 1997.
Reinterpretation of depositional processes in a classic flyschsequence
(Pennsylvanian Jackfork Group), Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma:
Discussion. Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geol. Bull. 81, 449-459.
Lowe, D.R., 1997. Reinterpretation of depositional
processes in a classic flysch sequence (Pennsylvanian Jackfork Group), Ouachita
Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma: Discussion. Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geol. Bull.
81, 460-465.
Coleman Jr., J.L., 1997. Reinterpretation of depositional
processes in a classic flysch sequence Pennsylvanian Jackfork Group), Ouachita
Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma: Discussion. Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geol. Bull.
81, 466-469.
Bouma, A.H., DeVries, M.B., Stone, C.G., 1997.
Reinterpretation of depositional processes in a classic flysch sequence
(Pennsylvanian Jackfork Group), Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma:
Discussion. Am. Assoc. Petroleum Geol. Bull. 81, 470-472.
D’Agostino, A.E., Jordan, D.W., 1997. Reinterpretation of
depositional processes in a classic flysch sequence (Pennsylvanian Jackfork
Group), Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma: Discussion. Am. Assoc.
Petroleum Geol. Bull. pp. 473-475.
Shanmugam,
G., and R. J. Moiola, 1997, Reinterpretation of depositional processes in a
classic flysch sequence in the Pennsylvanian Jackfork Group, Ouachita
Mountains: Reoly (to all five discussions listed above): AAPG Bulletin, v. 81, p. 476-491.
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Shanmugam, G., and Moiola, R. J., 1985, Submarine fan models: Problems and solutions, in A. H. Bouma et al. (eds.), Submarine fans and related turbidite systems: Springer Verlag, New York, pp. 29‑34.
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Shanmugam, G., and Moiola, R.J., 1988, Submarine fans: Characteristics, models, classification, and reservoir potential: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 24, p. 383-428.
Moiola, R. J., Briggs, G., and Shanmugam, G., 1988, Carboniferous
flysch, Ouachita Mountains , Southeastern
Oklahoma ; Big Cedar‑Kiamichi Mountain section: Geol. Soc. America Centennial Field Guide‑‑South‑Central
Section, pp. 149‑152.
Shanmugam, G., et al., 1988, Comparison of turbidite facies
associations in modern passive‑margin Mississippi
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Eustasy
Shanmugam, G., and Moiola, R. J., 1982, Eustatic control
of turbidites and winnowed turbidites: Geology, v. 10, p. 231‑235.
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Shanmugam, G., and Moiola, R. J., 1983, Comment and reply on "Eustatic control of turbidites and winnowed turbidites"‑Reply: Geology, v. 11, pp. 58‑60. To download PDF, click or copy and paste URL:
Shanmugam, G., and Moiola, R. J., 1983, Comment and reply on "Eustatic control of turbidites and winnowed turbidites"‑Reply: Geology, v. 11, pp. 58‑60.
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Shanmugam, G., and Moiola, R. J., 1984, Eustatic control of calciclastic turbidites: Marine Geology, v. 56, p. 273‑278.
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Shanmugam, G., and Moiola, R. J., 1984, Eustatic control of calciclastic turbidites: Marine Geology, v. 56, p. 273‑278.
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Shanmugam, G.,Moiola, R.J.,
and Damuth, J.E.., 1985, Eustatic control of submarine fan development, in A.
H. Bouma et al. (eds.), Submarine fans and related turbidite systems: Springer Verlag, New York, pp. 24‑28.
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Shanmugam, G., 2002, Submarine canyons. AccessScience, McGrawHill Education.
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Shanmugam, G., 2002,
Deep-marine sediments. AccessScience,
McGrawHill Education.
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