Shanmugam, G., 2012, New
perspectives on deep-water sandstones: Origin, recognition, initiation, and
reservoir quality: Amsterdam, Elsevier, Handbook of petroleum exploration and
production, v. 9, 524 p.
Elsevier site: http://store.elsevier.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780444563354
Book's Preface
Shanmugam,
G., 2012, New perspectives on deep-water sandstones: Origin, recognition,
initiation, and reservoir quality: Amsterdam, Elsevier, Handbook of petroleum
exploration and production, v. 9, 524 p.
To
download PDF, click or copy and paste URL:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B7yqaSoBdSEVMTZXaEpTTnQ3Vzg/view?usp=sharing
Elsevier site: http://store.elsevier.com/product.jsp?isbn=9780444563354
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 What is deep water?
1.2 Flawed turbidite paradigm
1.3 New perspectives: SMTDs and BCRS
1.4 Database
1.5 Scope and organization
1.6 Process sedimentology
1.7 Synopsis
2 Origin and classification of sandy mass-transport deposits
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Literature
2.3 Classification
2.4 Landslide vs. mass transport
2.5 Subaerial processes based on types of movement and material
2.6 Subaqueous processes based on mechanical behaviour
2.7 Subaqueous processes based on sediment-support mechanism
2.8 Subaqueous processes based on process continuum
2.9 Subaqueous processes based on transport velocity
2.10 Synopsis
3 Recognition of sandy mass-transport deposits
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Sandy slide
3.3 Sandy slump
3.4 Sandy debrite
3.5 Origin of massive sandstone
3.6 Problems with interpretation of wireline logs
3.7 Problems with interpretation of seismic facies
3.8 Problems with interpretation of seismic sinuous geometry
3.9 Synopsis
4 Bottom-current reworked sands
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Surface currents, deep-water masses, and bottom currents
4.3 Bottom currents vs. turbidity currents
4.4 Genetic nomenclature
4.5 Thermohaline-induced geostrophic bottom currents
4.6 Wind-driven bottom currents
4.7 Deep-water tidal bottom currents
4.8 Baroclinic Currents (Internal tides)
4.9 Problematic bedform-velocity matrix for deep-water bottom currents
4.10 Problems with interpretation of seismic facies and geometries
4.11 Synopsis
5 Initiation of deep-water sediment failures
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Short-term triggering events
5.3 Intermediate-term triggering events
5.4 Long-term triggering events
5.5 Synopsis
6 Implications for deep-water sandstone reservoirs
6.1 Grain-size distribution
6.2 Dimensions and geometries
6.3 Long-runout MTD
6.4 Turbidites vs. Debrites
6.5 Turbidites vs. Tidalites
6.6 SMTD and BCRS, Gulf of Mexico
6.7 Chicxulub meteorite impact, Gulf of Mexico
6.8 Sand injection
6.9 Sequence Stratigraphy
6.10 Synopsis
7 Reservoir quality: Global examples
7.1 Offshore California
7.2 Offshore Nigeria
7.3 Gulf of Mexico
7.4 Straits of Florida
7.5 UK North Sea
7.6 Krishna-Godavari Basin, Bay of Bengal
7.7 Synopsis
8 Epilogue
Appendix A: Concepts, Glossary, and Methodology
Index
1.1 What is deep water?
1.2 Flawed turbidite paradigm
1.3 New perspectives: SMTDs and BCRS
1.4 Database
1.5 Scope and organization
1.6 Process sedimentology
1.7 Synopsis
2 Origin and classification of sandy mass-transport deposits
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Literature
2.3 Classification
2.4 Landslide vs. mass transport
2.5 Subaerial processes based on types of movement and material
2.6 Subaqueous processes based on mechanical behaviour
2.7 Subaqueous processes based on sediment-support mechanism
2.8 Subaqueous processes based on process continuum
2.9 Subaqueous processes based on transport velocity
2.10 Synopsis
3 Recognition of sandy mass-transport deposits
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Sandy slide
3.3 Sandy slump
3.4 Sandy debrite
3.5 Origin of massive sandstone
3.6 Problems with interpretation of wireline logs
3.7 Problems with interpretation of seismic facies
3.8 Problems with interpretation of seismic sinuous geometry
3.9 Synopsis
4 Bottom-current reworked sands
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Surface currents, deep-water masses, and bottom currents
4.3 Bottom currents vs. turbidity currents
4.4 Genetic nomenclature
4.5 Thermohaline-induced geostrophic bottom currents
4.6 Wind-driven bottom currents
4.7 Deep-water tidal bottom currents
4.8 Baroclinic Currents (Internal tides)
4.9 Problematic bedform-velocity matrix for deep-water bottom currents
4.10 Problems with interpretation of seismic facies and geometries
4.11 Synopsis
5 Initiation of deep-water sediment failures
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Short-term triggering events
5.3 Intermediate-term triggering events
5.4 Long-term triggering events
5.5 Synopsis
6 Implications for deep-water sandstone reservoirs
6.1 Grain-size distribution
6.2 Dimensions and geometries
6.3 Long-runout MTD
6.4 Turbidites vs. Debrites
6.5 Turbidites vs. Tidalites
6.6 SMTD and BCRS, Gulf of Mexico
6.7 Chicxulub meteorite impact, Gulf of Mexico
6.8 Sand injection
6.9 Sequence Stratigraphy
6.10 Synopsis
7 Reservoir quality: Global examples
7.1 Offshore California
7.2 Offshore Nigeria
7.3 Gulf of Mexico
7.4 Straits of Florida
7.5 UK North Sea
7.6 Krishna-Godavari Basin, Bay of Bengal
7.7 Synopsis
8 Epilogue
Appendix A: Concepts, Glossary, and Methodology
Index
This volume is a follow-up to my
earlier book “Deep-Water
Processes andFacies Models: Implications for Sandstone Petroleum Reservoirs,” published under Elsevier’s “Handbook of Petroleum Exploration and
Production” series
(Volume 5). In that book and in my other publications, I have discussed the
obsolescence of turbidite facies models and have advocated the importance of
sandy mass-transport deposits (SMTDs) and bottom-current reworked sands (BCRSs)
as deep-water reservoir facies. Although my views were considered “dissident”
not so long ago, these views are becoming increasingly “mainstream” today. In
advancing this new perspective, the primary goal of this book is to consolidate
the rock data and convince the reader of the importance of SMTD and BCRS in
petroleum geology. This book is an antidote to the current complacency-ridden
interpretation of deepwater sands based on turbidite and contourite facies
models. In describing deep-water lithofacies using conventional core and
outcrop, my experience (1978_2000) with Mobil Oil Corporation (now
ExxonMobil, USA) and subsequent consulting experience with the petroleum
industry worldwide (2002_2010), including Reliance Industries
Limited (India), Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (India), Hardy Exploration and
Production (India) Inc., and Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development
(RIPED) of PetroChina (China) have provided me a unique opportunity to examine
the rock data and acquire an appreciation for the complexity of deep-water
marine and lacustrine facies. I have included examples from published core
studies conducted for Reliance. By design, this book is a cumulative reflection
of my experience over the past 50 years. To maintain conceptual continuity, I
have repeated critical portions from my previous publications.
Although
this volume is intended for a wide range of knowledge levels, including
students, academics, researchers, and professional petroleum geoscientists, it
is written mostly with the student in mind. Therefore, I have (1) adopted
bulleted or numbered text format, (2) included copious number of color images
of modern and ancient examples in an atlas format, (3) offered solutions to
lingering nomenclatural and conceptual problems, (4) explained the practical
implications of new perspectives from a petroleum reservoir viewpoint, and (5)
included an illustrated appendix on concepts, glossary, and methodology. In
reflecting the proliferation of online publications, I have cited apt websites.
The book contains 367 figures and 992 references.
The
print version of the book contains a color plate at the end of the book with 20
of original color figures. The remaining original color figures appear as
greyscale images. The online version of the book contains all original
color figures. Figure captions are
written for color images.
G. Shanmugam, Ph.D.
E-mail: shanshanmugam@aol.com
August 21, 2011
